Tom Ellis
Aug 30, 2024

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Exactly. The word “civilization” derives from the Roman word “Civitas” and refers only to cities—large, complex urban areas. And even the word “culture” refers back to cultivating the land. Both are only 10,000 years old. But humans as well social animals caring for one another go back several hundred thousand years—whether nomadic or horticultural, and sometimes seasonally both!

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Tom Ellis
Tom Ellis

Written by Tom Ellis

I am a retired English professor now living in Oregon, and a life-long environmental activist, Buddhist, and holistic philosopher.

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