Thank you, Alexander, for bringing this brilliant and devastating legal analysis to a wider audience. For me, however, the most important implication of their precise reading of Article 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment is that no act of Congress is necessary to enforce this provision in order to bar Trump from the ballot, Rather, any citizen, or group of citizens, in any state, is now empowered to file suit under this Amendment to bar Trump from the ballot. So, for example, if the Secretary of State in any state refuses to bar Trump from the ballot, that Secretary can be sued by any voting citizen (or organization) in that state to force the Secretary to abide by the FourteenthAmendment by removing Trump's name from the ballot. In other words, we--ordinary citizens--now have the power, if we choose to exercise it, to stop Trump in his tracks, regardless of whether or not he wins the Republikan nomination next year!