Tom Ellis
1 min readNov 28, 2023

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Thank you, Ethan! This was a delight to read! It is the most succinct, comprehensive, yet entirely understandable “theory of everything” I have yet encountered. I personally tend to agree with Stuart Kauffman’s theory of the “adjacent possible;” that at every phase of evolution, whether cosmological, chemical, or biological, new possibilities or options arise that could not possibly have been predictable at an earlier evolutionary stage. For this reason, it is entirely possible that we humans may be the only life form in the entire universe who evolved one or more mutations that enabled digital language, without which all the elaborate systems of knowledge we enjoy today would have been impossible. Sure, there may be trillions of other planets with carbon-based life forms in the universe, but the likelihood of any of these evolving the genetic mutations necessary for digital language is vanishingly low. We are, after all, the only species on the planet, among millions, that have it!

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Tom Ellis
Tom Ellis

Written by Tom Ellis

I am a retired English professor now living in Oregon, and a life-long environmental activist, Buddhist, and holistic philosopher.

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